"An Insider's Perspective: Update on Development of Federal Sentencing Guidelines." Larry Linke. Perspectives (Summer 1987): 15, 25.

Updates the status of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines under development by the United States Sentencing Commission.

"Assistance for Structured Sentencing Projects: Next Step, Non-imprisonment Guidelines." Kay A. Knapp. Perspectives (Winter 1988): 8-10.

Discusses the goals, issues and resources available to jurisdictions involved with sentencing reform.

"Redefining Probation for the Coming Decade." Cunniff, Mark A., Dale K. Sechrest, and Robert C. Cushman. Perspectives (Spring 1992): 12-17.

Examines the goals, objectives and evaluation methods of probation as reported in two studies produced by the National Association of Criminal Justice Planners. The purpose of the studies was to document felony-sentencing practices and provide a basis of documenting how probation may have changed since 1986.

"A Blueprint for Justice: The Federal Sentencing Guidelines." Michael Courlander. Perspectives (Spring 1993): 25-27.

Uses case examples to depict the inconsistency in sentencing and describe federal sentencing guidelines designed to be fairer and tougher.

"California's Determinate Sentencing: What Went Wrong?" Norman Holt. Perspectives (Summer 1995): 19-22.

Reviews four major shortcomings of eliminating discretionary parole release. Uses data and examples to illustrate these shortcomings.

"Guest Editorial - Mis-truths in Sentencing." Todd R. Clear. Perspectives (Spring 1996): 12-13.

Exposes myths regarding truth-in-sentencing strategies.

The Non-Prison Side of Truth in Sentencing: Preadjudication Services and Community Corrections in Oklahoma.” Michael Connelly, Melissa McLawhorn and Paul O’Connell. Perspectives (Winter 1997): 22-25.

Discusses the effects that the Preadjudication Services Act and the Community Corrections Act has had on the state of Oklahoma.

“A National Survey and State of the Art Assessment of Structuring Discretion in Non-Incarcerative Sentencing Decisions: A Proposal for Future Research.” George S. Yacoubian, Jr. Perspectives (Winter 1999): 45-47.

Discusses lack of research in the area of the systematic distribution of intermediate punishments. Proposed methodology for in-depth study.

"Assessment of Sex Offender Risk." Brian Bemus, Roger Smith. Perspectives (Fall 1988): 16-18.

Outlines a new model for the assessment and management of sex offenders who are finding their way in increasing numbers into our probation and parole caseloads.

"Five Critical Questions: Assessing Sex Offender Risk." McGrath, Robert J., MA. Perspectives (Summer 1992): 6-9.

Organizes and reviews factors related to sex offender risk in order to assist probation and parole officers in the supervision and assessment of sex offenders.

"An Evaluation of a Community-Based Sex Offender Program." Ray Coxe, Fran Hudgins. Perspectives (Fall 1992): 30-36.

Summarizes the results of several studies regarding the incidence and prevalence of sexual abuse, causes and effects, and the treatment effectiveness of sexual deviancy. Describes the Jefferson County Sex Offender Program and evaluation data and outcomes.

"Sex Offender Treatment: Does It Work?" Robert J. McGrath. Perspectives (Winter 1995): 24-26.

Analyzes the effectiveness of sex offender treatment in terms of reducing re-offenses, cost effectiveness and addressing the needs of victims. Uses case examples for illustration.

“Managing Sex Offenders in the Community: Challenges and Progress.” Laurie Robinson. Perspectives (Fall 1998): 18-19.

Examines the unique challenges of supervising sex offenders in the community. Discusses important recommendations, which emerged from the National Summit on Promoting Public Safety Through the Effective Management of Sex Offenders.

“The Role of Performance-Based Measures in the Development of Sex Offender Supervision Programs.” Margaret Griffin. Perspectives (Spring 1999): 28-30.

Outlines how performance-based measures can be used to evaluate both the process by which sex offenders are managed and evaluate the effectiveness of outcomes.

Legally Speaking-“Sex Offender Legislation.” Craig Hemmens. Perspectives (Summer 2000): 12-14.

Sixth in the series on probation and parole conditions. This column discusses sex offender registration, community notification and civil commitment.

“Sex Offenders on Probation: An Evaluation of Three Program Models.” Magnus Seng. Perspectives (Fall 2000): 31-39.

A discussion of three counties in Illinois, (DuPage, Lake and Winnebago) where grant funds were used in various ways to create different models for sex offender management. The outcomes are also described.

"Developing a Substance Abuse Assessment: Avoiding the Pitfalls." Lucia Meijer. Perspectives (Fall 1990): 12-14.

Examines the development of a substance abuse assessment along with meaningful suggestions in formulating and evaluating substance abuse assessment procedures.

"Assessment of Drug and Alcohol Problems: An Evolutionary Model for Probation." Billy D. Haddock, Dan Richard Beto. Perspectives (Fall 1990): 16-20.

Describes the efforts of a medium size probation department in assessing drug and alcohol problems of offenders.

"Unhooking the Hooked Generation." Timothy A. McCarthy. Perspectives (Winter 1987): 3-5.

Reviews of the problem of drug abuse in America.

"Probationers at Risk: Parental Alcoholism." McGaha, Johnny E. Perspectives (Fall 1991): 14-18.

Summarizes research conducted on the family system and individual differences between adult probationers who grew up in chemically dependent families and those who did not.

"APPA Position Statement: Non-Narcotic Analgesics." Perspectives (Winter 1994): 53.

States APPA's position as supporting the use of non-narcotic analgesics by addicted offenders.

“Recidivism Rates of Drug Offenders on Probation: Selection, Supervision and Intervention.” Arthur J. Lurigio and James A. Swartz. Perspectives (Fall 1998): 26-37.

Examined results from a study which examined the criminal activities of a sample of offenders who were placed on “1410/710” probation-a special type of probation sentence for offenders who were convicted of possessing either marijuana or other controlled substances in Cook County, Illinois.”

“Speak Out - Substance Abuse in Community Corrections.” David Burgess. Perspectives (Winter 2000): 14-15.

Discusses how substance abuse treatment can be an effective prevention for recidivism.

"A Conspiracy of Silence: Alcoholism and the Probation Officer." Edward M. Read, MSW. Perspectives (Winter 1989): 18-22.

Outlines a strategy to increase the responsibility and role of the probation officer in the treatment of alcoholic clients.

"Opportunities for Strengthening Community Corrections with Coerced Drug Abuse Treatment." Carl G. Leukefeld. Perspectives (Fall 1990): 6-9.

Looks at the practice of coerced drug abuse treatment for offenders along with realistic suggestions on how community corrections agencies might enhance substance abuse services.

"Substance Abuse Treatment within the Criminal Justice System: An Analysis of Conflicting Needs and Implications." Taxman, Faye S., PhD. Perspectives (Summer 1991): 18-26.

Provides an overview of substance abuse services provided to offenders. Systematic issues related to the delivery of services are explored and recommendations are provided to criminal justice agencies to incorporate treatment services.

"Guest Editorial - An Important Tool for Treating Drug Dependent Offenders: Acupuncture." Jody Forman. Perspectives (Spring 1993): 32-33.

Traces the history of acupuncture treatment for drug offenders and describes the treatment protocol. Reports positive results of acupuncture and suggests its role in the treatment of drug dependent offenders.

"Book Review: In Denial, and Proud of It - I'm Dysfunctional, You're Dysfunctional, by Wendy Kaminer. Dan Richard Beto. Perspectives (Fall 1993): 8-9.

Indicts the recovery movement and the multimillion-dollar self-help industry. Reviewer recommends the book to people involved in the delivery of human services.

"APPA Position Statement: Substance Abuse Treatment." Perspectives (Winter 1996): 32-33.

Provides APPA's position to promote an integrated, comprehensive approach to dealing with the problem of substance abuse. Stresses the importance for agencies to be trained in substance abuse treatment and to develop partnerships with researchers and related community services agencies.

"DIRECT Impact on Drug Offenders." Robert N. Levy, James E. Meyer. Perspectives (Fall 1990): 28-31.

Describes the DIRECT (Drug Involvement Reversal through Education, Control and Treatment) Program which combines enhanced monitoring with drug treatment and education.

"The Los Angeles County Probation Department: A Specialized Approach to Drugs and Crime." Barry J. Nidorf, Clint Arnold, John Del Mastro, Lynne Duke, Joel Etlinger, Curtis McClendon, Jerry Reeves. Steve Yoder. Perspectives (Fall 1990): 32-33.

Discusses the use of narcotics evaluators by the Los Angeles County Probation Department.

"A.S.A.P.P. - A Substance Abuse Program for Probation." Nancy Hadlock. Perspectives (Fall 1990): 46-49.

Describes A Substance Abuse Program for Probationers which includes assessments, intensive supervision, referrals, graduated sanctions and treatment initiatives.

"A Probation Model of Drug Offender Intervention in Colorado: Implementation of a Cognitive Skills Development Program." Fogg, Vern. Perspectives (Winter 1992): 24-26.

Reviews Colorado's drug-involved offenders' positive changes following their participation in the Reasoning and Rehabilitation Program. The program is a comprehensive drug assessment

and supervision program that emphasizes presentence drug screening and primary treatment referrals.

"Substance Abuse Treatment in Texas: Pilot Project Results." Michael Eisenberg. Perspectives (Fall 1993): 21-23.

Describes a program designed by the Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse to enhance substance abuse counseling services for selected inmates and the research design used in its evaluation. Summarizes outcomes for samples of offenders who have completed 12 months release.

"Special Probation Programs for Drug Offenders." Nancy L. Martin, J.D., Arthur J. Lurigio, Ph.D. Perspectives (Spring 1994): 24-27.

Discusses the relationship between drugs and crime and drugs and institutional crowding. Describes drug use among Cook County's offender population and program responses including the Illinois Drug Offender Specialized Supervision Program, Evening Narcotics Court and Home Confinement.

“Outcome-Based Supervision for Pregnant, Substance-Abusing Offenders.” Vicki Markey, Sunny Ariessohn and Margaret Mudd. Perspectives (Spring 1997): 21-23.

Examines the Women And Their Children (WATCh) program that grouped all pregnant offenders with a history of drug and/or alcohol abuse in a single unit for more specialized supervision.

 

Speak Out! -“Substance Abuse in Community Corrections.” David Burgess. Perspectives (Winter 2000): 14-15.

Addresses the issue of chemical dependency treatment in the criminal justice system and how a great number of those convicted of illegal substance use are more likely to receive no treatment while evidence suggests that treatment can reduce recidivism.

"Training Community Corrections Staff Through A Consortium." James J. Betustak. Perspectives (Winter 1987): 21-22.

Discusses the use of a Consortium for training professional community corrections staff and increasing the training opportunities available.

"A Perspective on Accrediting Training/Educational Events, and Establishing National Certification Standards: What Do They Have That We Don't...?" Bruce Gibson. Perspectives (Fall 1989): 30-32.

Reports on the APPA Continuing Education and Certification Committee's efforts to establish a process for accrediting probation and parole training/educational events and establishing national certification standards.

"A Training Program in Probation and Parole Whose Time Has Come and Gone: Role Reversals." Albert G. Smith. Perspectives (Summer 1993): 24-27.

Describes the preparation, structure and impacts of training program conducted for all newly hired parole agents in California during the 1960s and 70s. The training involved role reversals where each agent was required to assume the identity of a recently released parolee for a 26 hour period.

"APPA Training Accreditation in Cook County: What It Means and How We Got There." Arthur J. Lurigio, Ph.D., Nancy L. Martin, J.D., Carmen Rodriguez. Perspectives (Spring 1994): 20-23.

Provides an overview of Cook County's probation department and their pre-service training program. Describes the APPA accreditation process and the benefits of accreditation.

"APPA's Accreditation Process: The Bridge to Quality." Renee Bergeron, Bruce Gibson. Perspectives (Winter 1995): 21-22.

Examines the benefits of APPA's Accreditation process and link between training accreditation criteria and quality. Discusses training needs identification, learning outcomes, content and methodology, assessment of learning outcomes, instructors and program evaluation.

“The Effect of Adult Education Programs on Probationers.” Gayle R. Seigel and Joanne M. Basta. Perspectives (Spring 1998): 42-44.

Report on a study examining whether literacy and education can prevent criminality. Evidence offers that education can make a difference in criminality.

"Guest Editorial - Sanction-Oriented Community Corrections: Sales Job? Sellout? Or Response to Reality?" Barry J. Nidorf. Perspectives (Summer 1988): 6-8.

Examines the shifting orientation of community corrections toward a more sanction-oriented system and advises us that this shift is not only a necessity but also a positive opportunity for enhancing our credibility and expand our resources.

"The Increased Felonization of Probation and Its Impact on the Function of Probation: A Descriptive Look at County Level Data from the 1980s and 1990s." W. Wesley Johnson, Mark Jones. Perspectives (Summer 1994): 42-46.

Discusses the increased reliance on probation as the primary sanction for dealing with felons. Data from probation departments in three Texas counties are examined to determine the extent of change in the composition of probation caseloads according to the seriousness of the offense.

“Technology Agenda for Community Corrections.” Donald Cochran. Perspectives (Winter 1997): 31-32.

Outlines events of the Corrections Technology Advisory Council Meeting, which is made up of representatives from the National Institute of Justice, National Institute of Corrections, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Defense.

“Bridging Occasions.” Ed Zedlewski. Perspectives (Fall 1997): 12.

Discussion of Office of Justice Programs Review “Preventing Crime: What Works, What Doesn’t, and What’s Promising.” Contains a brief overview of a few highlighted programs.

Research Update-“Evaluability Assessment: A Tool for Program Development in Corrections.” Robert E. DeComo. Perspectives (Spring 1998):16.

“NIJ News - Return of the Prison Spaceship.” Edwin Zedlewski. Perspectives (Summer 1999): 12-13.

Discusses the ramifications of offenders who were sentenced to 10 or 20 years in the early “get tough” days now reentering the community in record number. Spotlights some of the emerging choices in offender reentry policies.

“NIJ News - Danger from Within.” Vincent Talucci and Jenifer Wood. Perspectives (Fall 1999): 10-11.

Outlines efforts the of NIJ towards addressing stress in law enforcement and corrections personnel and their families.

“Basic Facts About Probation and Parole in Canada.” Dan Rowan. Perspectives (Fall 1999): 30-33.

Offers statistical and historical information about probation and parole in Canada.

“NIJ News - From Cell Blocks to Neighborhood Blocks: Revisiting Reentry.” Vincent Talucci and Amy Solomon. Perspectives (Winter 2000): 12-13.

Discusses the consequences of record prison releases.

"APPA Training Seminar Brings Victim Issues to the Forefront in Nebraska State Probation System." Christine Heisel. Perspectives (Fall 1992): 38-39.

Describes steps taken to enhance victim services within the Nebraska Probation System and the elevated status of victims’ issues in probation.

"The South Carolina Experience: Victim Services in Community Corrections." James R. Moore. Perspectives (Summer 1993): 16-20.

Outlines the need for enhanced victim sensitivity and services in probation and parole. Describes the goals, objectives and benefits of a new program within the South Carolina Department of Probation, Parole and Pardon Services which focuses on victim notification, restitution, victim impact statements, and community resource referrals.

"Guest Editorial - Crime Victims and Community Corrections: Searching for Common Ground." Anne Seymore. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 6-8.

Outlines four basic needs of victims and offers suggestions for meeting these needs within the context of probation and parole.

"APPA Position Statement: Victims." Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 9-10.

Outlines APPA's commitment to promoting services and programs that meet the needs and interests of crime victims. Recommends related policies and practices.

"Repairing the Broken System." Thomas Ann Hines. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 11-14.

A mother describes her experience with the criminal justice system after her son's murder and suggests things for probation and parole professionals to keep in mind during the course of their work with offenders and victims.

"APPA's Public Hearings Explore Probation and Parole's Response to Victims of Crime: Speakers Call For a New Approach to Victim Issues." Jim Sinclair. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 15-17.

Summarizes the proceedings of two public hearings on victims of crime. Describes shortcomings in the current practices and offers suggestions for improving the treatment of crime victims by probation and parole.

"Victim Empowerment Through Mediation: The Impact of Victim Offender Mediation in Four Cities." Mark S. Umbreit, Ph.D. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 25-28.

Describes the results of a large cross-site evaluation of victim offender mediation programs that examined process and outcomes, client satisfaction, perceptions of fairness, cost implications, restitution completion and recidivism. Outlines policy and program implications.

"Victim Offender Mediation Resources." Mark S. Umbreit, Ph.D. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 29-30.

Lists training and technical assistance manuals, training videos, directories, books, pamphlets, journal articles and resource organizations that address victims’ issues.

"Including Victims in the Criminal Justice Equation: Community Justice in the Next Century." Hon. Myron Steele, Thomas J. Quinn. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 31-36.

Discusses the problems associated with punitive practices that ignore the victim and the re-emergence of restorative justice models. Describes Delaware's philosophy of sentencing and punishment and its focus on restoring the victim.

"California Department of Corrections' Victim Services Program." Sandi Menefee. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 46.

Describes a statewide program designed to examine and respond to the needs of crime victims and to educate inmates/parolees, correctional staff and the general public about the impact of crime on victims.

"Victim Services in Cook County, Illinois." Linda Tanner. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 47-48.

Outlines the major responsibilities of a victim assistance officer within the probation department, the services this officer provides to victims and key criminal justice stakeholders, and the positive outcomes of such a position.

"South Carolina Volunteers in Probation and Parole Assist Crime Victims." Brett M. Macgargle. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 48-49.

Describes how volunteers can assist crime victims. Outlines the required training and duties of volunteer victim service specialists and the objectives of agency's Office for Victim's Services.

"Victim Services Expanding in Texas' Justice System." Debbie Bartles. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 50-51.

Describes the expansion of victim services programming within the Texas Department of Criminal Justice designed to standardize services to victims during each stage of post-sentencing.

"Tarrant County's Victim Services Program." Charles McCollum. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 52.

Discusses the increased priority given to addressing crime victims needs, plans for developing a Victim Offender Mediation program, ongoing Victim Impact Panels conducted in conjunction with MADD, and staff training in victim empathy and victims' rights.

"Harris County's Victim Offender Restitution Program." Melissa Venner. Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 53.

Describes the processes and outcomes of a Victim Offender Restitution Program designed to increase victim participation in the criminal justice process.

"Resource Organizations for Victim Issues." Perspectives (Special Issue 1994): 54-56.

Provides an overview of the goals and activities of four national organizations including APPA, the Office for Victims of Crime, the National Victim Center and the National Organization for Victim Assistance.

"Getting a Piece of the Pie: Revenue Sharing with Crime Victims Compensation Programs." Jody Patel, Curt Soderlund. Perspectives (Winter 1994): 22-27.

Discusses reimbursement policies for the California Victims of Crime Program and funding problems created by the increased popularity of the program and legislative changes. Describes an outreach program designed to build a cooperative working relationship among criminal justice entities to address the needs of victims.

“Guest Editorial - Victims of Crime: The Conscience of Community Corrections.” Jim Sinclair. Perspectives (Winter 1997): 12-14.

Discusses how embracing victims of crime, community corrections can equip itself with a constituency that can propel it toward the elusive ideal of justice.

“Forum - From a Crime Victim in Texas to Crime Victims in Georgia.” Ellen Halber. Perspectives (Spring 1997): 11.

Voices an opinion about the increasing political movement to abolish parole in the state of Georgia.

“Crime Victims Services Bureau: One Department’s Response to Victims Rights in the Corrections System.” Jean Wall. Perspectives (Spring 1997): 24-26.

Outlines procedures of Louisiana’s Crime Victims Service Bureau which was organized to facilitate and simplify public access to information about inmates and the laws and policies that govern inmate movement and program participation in the corrections system.

"Improving Probation's Response to Domestic Violence." Cynthia Diehm, Margo Ross. Perspectives (Summer 1987): 9-12.

Examines the issue of domestic violence providing some insight into its dynamics as well as a series of recommendations aimed at improving the response of probation agencies in prevention and treatment.

"Child Abuse: Offender or Victim." James J. Mead. Perspectives (Summer 1987): 24-25.

Encourages an understanding of offenders as victims as a beginning in minimizing the recidivism rate.

"Guest Editorial - The Abuser Abuses: We Must Intervene!" Norman L. Helber. Perspectives (Fall 1987): 29.

Looks at offenders as the victims of abuse.

"Book Review - Deadly Consequences, by Deborah Prothrow-Smith, M.D. William D. Burrell. Perspectives (Spring 1993): 21.

Favorably reviews Dr. Prothrow-Smith's book on the causes of violence and her proposed public health model for preventing violence.

"Volunteers in Corrections: Lessons from Internal Evaluations." Dr. Michael Connelly. Perspectives (Summer 1996): 47-50.

Discusses the important role volunteers can play when given the appropriate training, resources and communication. Details findings of internal evaluations by department of corrections in three states.

“Pairing Juvenile Offenders With Volunteer Advocates.” Kim G. Frentz. Perspectives (Fall 1997): 34-36.

Examines unique program in Wayne County, Michigan where juvenile offenders are paired with volunteers in an attempt to reduce recidivism.

“Partners: The Voluntary Sector and Corrections.” Donald G. Evans. Perspectives (Fall 1999): 36-39.

Discusses the strong tradition in Canada for the use of the voluntary sector’s involvement in corrections and the delivery of correctional services.

"APPA President's Statement on Probation and Parole Careers: Promoting Safety, Providing Service." Donald G. Evans. Perspectives (Winter 1991): 10-12.

Traces the evolution of probation and parole careers.

"Probation and Parole Worker Safety: Examining an Urgent Issue." Dennis R. Martin. Perspectives (Winter 1991): 20-25.

Reviews the MASCA study on probation and parole worker safety. Policies are changing and supervision strategies are being developed that prohibit line officers to make field visits without prior supervisory approval.

"Probation Officer Field Safety in the 90s." William Pshide. Perspectives (Winter 1991): 26-27.

Identifies some strategies in supervising the high risk offender as well as promoting field safety.

"The California Model: Probation and Parole Safety Training." Smith, Albert G. Perspectives (Fall 1991): 38-41.

Describes a training that provides a review of responses and integrated approaches of safety options for probation and parole agents to function in a safe effective and efficient manner.

"APPA Position Statement: Staff Safety Standards." Perspectives (Spring 1993): 36-37.

States APPA's position on staff safety standards and recommends several areas that should be covered in a comprehensive safety plan.

"Officers in Danger: Results of the Federal Probation and Pretrial Officers Association's National Study on Serious Assaults." Philip J. Bigger. Perspectives (Fall 1993): 14-20.

Describes study designed to quantify the types of serious assaults against probation, parole and pretrial services officers in the US. Includes data on number of assaults reported broken down by state and category and number of attempted assaults reported. Closes with questions raised by data.

"Staff Safety: Some Theoretical and Practical Concerns." Mario A. Paparozzi. Perspectives (Spring 1996): 38-39.

Discusses safety concerns for probation and parole staff and examines differences in enforcement function issues.

“Assessing Probation Officer Assaults and Responding to Officer Safety Concerns.”

Reports from a survey that was designed to assess the extent and seriousness of assaults and threats against probation officers. Recommends needed safety measures.