Recommended Literature

Twelve Recommended Readings Related to PSN, Gangs, and Guns

Please note there are numerous publications (hundreds-to-thousands) concerning gangs and anti-gang initiatives (see the National Gang Center’s [NGC] extensive gang bibliography). In addition to the dozen provided below, please see the eight case studies produced by the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) here. Finally, the NGC possesses a wealth of resources; please browse their website here as well. Best of luck with your research!


Braga, A. A., & Pierce, G. L. (2005). Disrupting illegal firearms markets in Boston: The effects of Operation Ceasefire on the supply of new handguns to criminals. Criminology & Public Policy, 4(4), 717-748. View abstract »

DeMichele, M. T., & Matz, A. K. (2012). APPA’s C.A.R.E. model: A framework for collaboration, analysis, reentry, and evaluation: A response to street gang violence. Lexington, KY: Council of State Governments, American Probation and Parole Association. Full APPA C.A.R.E Report »

DeMichele, M. T., & Matz, A. K. (2010). Responding to gang violence: APPA’s C.A.R.E. model. The Journal of the American Probation and Parole Association: Perspectives, 34(4), 34-41. View publication»

Howell, J. C., & Moore, J. P. (2010). History of street gangs in the United States. National Gang Center Bulletin (No. 4). Washington, D.C.: National Gang Center.
View publication»

Huebner, B. M., Varano, S. P., & Bynum, T. S. (2007). Gangs, guns, and drugs: Recidivism among serious, young offenders. Criminology and Public Policy, 6(2), 187-222.
View abstract »

McGarrell, E. F., Hipple, N. K., Corsaro, N., Bynum, T. S., Perez, H., Zimmerman, C. A., & Garmo, M. (2009). Project Safe Neighborhoods - A national program to reduce gun crime: Final project report. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University, School of Criminal Justice. View publication»

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (2018). A Law Enforcement Official’s Guide to the OJJDP Comprehensive Gang Model. View publication»

Olson, D. E., Dooley, B., & Kane, C. M. (2004). The relationship between gang membership and inmate recidivism. Research Bulletin (Vol. 2, No. 12). Springfield: Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority. View publication»

O’Shea, T. C. (2007). Getting the deterrence message out: The Project Safe Neighborhoods public-private partnership. Police Quarterly, 10(3), 288-307.
View abstract »

Papachristos, A. V., Meares, T. L., & Fagan, J. (2007). Attention felons: Evaluating Project Safe Neighborhoods in Chicago. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 4(2), 223-272. View abstract » 

Reed, W. L., & Decker, S. H. (Ed.) (2002). Responding to gangs: Evaluation and research. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice. View publication»

Rosenfeld, R., Fornango, R., & Baumer, E. (2005). Did Ceasefire, Compstat, and Exile reduce homicide? Criminology & Public Policy, 4(3), 419-450. View abstract »

Thornton, R. L., Burrell, W. D., Dunlap, K. L., & Schweer, R. G. (2006). Guns, safety and proactive supervision: Involving probation and parole in Project Safe Neighborhoods. Lexington, KY: Council of State Governments, American Probation and Parole Association. View publication»